1. Docker-compose 安装

cat > docker-compose.yml << EOF
version: '3.1'
services:
  jenkins:
    image: 'jenkins/jenkins'
    restart: always
    # root 用户，可以不用设置/opt/jenkins/jenkins_home的权限，否者将用Jenkins用户，需要单独授权此目录
    user: root
    container_name: jenkins
    # 端口号：映射端口：容器端口
    ports:
      - '8080:8080'
      - '50000:50000'
    # 数据持久化：宿主机目录:容器目录
    volumes:
      - /opt/jenkins/jenkins_home:/var/jenkins_home
EOF
docker-compose up -d

2. Tomcat 安装

#!/bin/bash
# 有网的情况下才能操作
# 修改监听的端口，直接修改Tomcat的端口,默认8080即可
# 设置家目录。如果不设置，默认在运行Jenkins的用户的家目录下<~/.jenkins>
JENKINS_BASE="/opt/jenkins"
JENKINS_HOME="${JENKINS_BASE}/jenkins_home"
# jenkins.war下载url
JENKINS_DL='https://updates.jenkins-ci.org/latest/jenkins.war'
# 下载保存到的目录
JENKINS_Download="${JENKINS_BASE}/download"
# tomcat 下载url：可查看：https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/apache/tomcat/
TOMCAT_DL='https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/apache/tomcat/tomcat-9/v9.0.56/bin/apache-tomcat-9.0.56.tar.gz'
TOMCAT="apache-tomcat-9.0.56"
JENKINS_BIN="${JENKINS_BASE}/bin"
# 配置systemctl的文件位置
JENKINS_SYSTEMCTL='/usr/lib/systemd/system/jenkins_tomcat.service'
# 如下自动执行
mkdir -p ${JENKINS_HOME} ${JENKINS_Download} ${JENKINS_BIN}
# 检查jdk是否安装
java -version > /dev/null 2>&1
if [ "$?" -ge 1 ];then
    echo "安装jdk1.8，请稍后..."
    yum install -y java-1.8.0-openjdk* > /dev/null 2>&1
    java -version > /dev/null 2>&1
      if [ $? -ge 1 ]; then
          echo "JDK1.8安装失败，退出"
          exit
      fi
	  JAVA_PATH_COMMAD=`which java`
    echo "JDK1.8安装 成功"
else
	echo "已安装过JDK:"
	JAVA_PATH_COMMAD=`which java`
fi
# 下载Tomcat
if [[ -f "${JENKINS_Download}/${TOMCAT}.tar.gz" ]]; then
	echo "${JENKINS_Download} 目录有 ${TOMCAT}.tar.gz ，无需下载和移动"
else
  echo "正在下载：${TOMCAT_DL}"
  wget --no-check-certificate ${TOMCAT_DL} -P ${JENKINS_Download} > /dev/null 2>&1
  [ $? -ge 1 ] && echo "下载失败，程序退出" && exit
  echo "下载完成：${TOMCAT_DL}"
fi
echo "解压${TOMCAT}.tar.gz"
tar xzvf ${JENKINS_Download}/${TOMCAT}.tar.gz -C ${JENKINS_BIN} > /dev/null 2>&1
echo "解压完成"
# 下载Jenkins.war
if [[ -f "${JENKINS_Download}/jenkins.war" ]]; then
	echo "${JENKINS_Download} 目录有 jenkins.war，无需下载和移动"
else
  echo "正在下载：${JENKINS_DL}"
  wget --no-check-certificate ${JENKINS_DL} -P ${JENKINS_Download} > /dev/null 2>&1
   if [ $? -ge 1 ]; then
     echo "下载失败，程序退出，退出"
     exit
   fi
  echo "下载完成：${JENKINS_DL}"
fi
mv -f ${JENKINS_Download}/jenkins.war ${JENKINS_BIN}/${TOMCAT}/webapps
echo "已经移动：${JENKINS_Download}/jenkins.war 到 ${JENKINS_BIN}/${TOMCAT}/webapps"
# 配置systemctl
cat > ${JENKINS_SYSTEMCTL} << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Tomcat Jenkins Daemon
After=network.target
Requires=network.target
 
[Service]
Type=forking
User=root
Restart=always
Environment=JENKINS_HOME=${JENKINS_HOME}
ExecStart=${JENKINS_BIN}/${TOMCAT}/bin/startup.sh
ExecStop=${JENKINS_BIN}/${TOMCAT}/bin/shutdown.sh
RestartSec=10
PrivateTmp=true
 
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF
echo "配置Jenkins.service完成：${JENKINS_SYSTEMCTL}"
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable jenkins_tomcat.service
echo "已设置开机自启动"
systemctl start jenkins_tomcat.service
echo "已启动jenkins"
echo "初始密码,请稍后查看文件：${JENKINS_HOME}/secrets/initialAdminPassword"
echo "URL: http://ip:8080/jenkins"

3. JDK 安装

#!/bin/bash
# 有网的情况下才能操作
JENKINS_BASE="/opt/jenkins"
# 设置家目录。如果不设置，默认在运行Jenkins的用户的家目录下<~/.jenkins>
JENKINS_HOME="${JENKINS_BASE}/jenkins_home"
# 自定义端口如果为空，则默认监听8080
customHttpPort=""
httpPort=${customHttpPort:-"8080"}
# jenkins.war下载url
JENKINS_DL='https://updates.jenkins-ci.org/latest/jenkins.war'
# 下载保存到的目录
JENKINS_Download="${JENKINS_BASE}/download"
# jenkins 运行目录
JENKINS_BIN="${JENKINS_BASE}/bin"
# 配置systemctl的文件位置
JENKINS_SYSTEMCTL='/usr/lib/systemd/system/jenkins.service'
# 如下自动执行
mkdir -p ${JENKINS_HOME} ${JENKINS_Download} ${JENKINS_BIN}
# 检查wget是否安装
rpm -q wget > /dev/null 2>&1
if [ "$?" -ge 1 ];then
    echo "安装wget，请稍后..."
    yum install -y wget > /dev/null 2>&1
    rpm -q wget > /dev/null 2>&1
      if [ $? -ge 1 ]; thenecho "wget安装失败，退出"exitfi
    echo "wget安装 成功"
fi
# 检查jdk是否安装
java -version > /dev/null 2>&1
if [ "$?" -ge 1 ];then
    echo "安装jdk1.8，请稍后..."
    yum install -y java-1.8.0-openjdk* > /dev/null 2>&1
    java -version > /dev/null 2>&1
      if [ $? -ge 1 ]; thenecho "JDK1.8安装失败，退出"exitfi
	  JAVA_PATH_COMMAD=`which java`
    echo "JDK1.8安装 成功"
else
	echo "已安装过JDK:"
	JAVA_PATH_COMMAD=`which java`
fi
# 下载Jenkins.war
if [[ -f "${JENKINS_BIN}/jenkins.war" ]]; then
	echo "${JENKINS_BIN} 目录有 jenkins.war，无需下载和移动"
else
  echo "正在下载：${JENKINS_DL}"
  wget --no-check-certificate ${JENKINS_DL} -P ${JENKINS_Download} > /dev/null 2>&1
  [ $? -ge 1 ] && echo "下载失败，程序退出" && exit
  echo "下载完成：${JENKINS_DL}"
fi
echo "移动${JENKINS_BIN}/jenkins.war 到 ${JENKINS_BIN} 完成"
mv -f ${JENKINS_Download}/jenkins.war ${JENKINS_BIN}
# 配置systemctl
echo "配置${JENKINS_SYSTEMCTL}"
cat > ${JENKINS_SYSTEMCTL} << EOF
[Unit]
Description=Jenkins Daemon
After=network.target
Requires=network.target
 
[Service]
User=root
Restart=always
Environment=JENKINS_HOME=${JENKINS_HOME}
ExecStart=${JAVA_PATH_COMMAD} -jar ${JENKINS_BIN}/jenkins.war -httpPort=${httpPort}
RestartSec=10
 
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF
echo "配置完成${JENKINS_SYSTEMCTL}"
# 启动
echo "启动jenkins服务"
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable jenkins.service
echo "已设置开机自启动"
systemctl start jenkins.service
echo "已启动jenkins"
echo "初始密码,请稍后查看文件：${JENKINS_HOME}/secrets/initialAdminPassword"
echo "端口号为${httpPort}"

4. 备份

Jenkins_home 存储了所有 Jenkins 的数据
启动Jenkins之后指定Jenkins_home 即可恢复
 
所以备份Jenkins，直接备份Jenkins_home目录即可
可通过如下方法：
1. 通过git版本进行备份
2. 通过每天打包压缩整个jenkins_home
3. 通过jenkins自带的插件